When is a relay operation typically used?

A relay operation is typically utilized when the water source is located at a distance from the fire incident. This technique involves using multiple fire apparatus to transport water from a remote source, such as a hydrant or a body of water, to the site of the fire. The first apparatus acts as a pump to take water from the source and delivers it to a second apparatus positioned closer to the fire scene. This method ensures that adequate water pressure and supply are maintained for effective firefighting, especially when direct access to a water source is not feasible.

In congested areas, it is not uncommon to face challenges with maneuvering fire apparatus, and the focus may be on tactical positioning and water delivery methods that can accommodate these constraints, rather than a relay operation per se. Similarly, while multiple apparatus involvement can occur during various firefighting operations, it is not the defining characteristic of a relay operation. In high-rise situations, while significant water pressure and supply are certainly critical, the operation typically involves different strategies centered around structural firefighting techniques rather than relaying water over long distances.